The behaviour of these functions is affected by settings in php.ini.
Name | Default | Changeable | Changelog |
---|---|---|---|
mbstring.language | "neutral" | PHP_INI_ALL | Available since PHP 4.3.0. PHP_INI_PERDIR in PHP <= 5.2.6 |
mbstring.detect_order | NULL | PHP_INI_ALL | Available since PHP 4.0.6. |
mbstring.http_input | "pass" | PHP_INI_ALL | Available since PHP 4.0.6. |
mbstring.http_output | "pass" | PHP_INI_ALL | Available since PHP 4.0.6. |
mbstring.internal_encoding | NULL | PHP_INI_ALL | Available since PHP 4.0.6. |
mbstring.script_encoding | NULL | PHP_INI_ALL | Available since PHP 4.3.0. Removed in PHP 5.4.0. Use zend.script_encoding instead. |
mbstring.substitute_character | NULL | PHP_INI_ALL | Available since PHP 4.0.6. |
mbstring.func_overload | "0" | PHP_INI_SYSTEM | PHP_INI_PERDIR from PHP 4.3 to 5.2.6, otherwise PHP_INI_SYSTEM. Available since PHP 4.2.0. |
mbstring.encoding_translation | "0" | PHP_INI_PERDIR | Available since PHP 4.3.0. |
mbstring.strict_detection | "0" | PHP_INI_ALL | Available since PHP 5.1.2. |
Here's a short explanation of the configuration directives.
mbstring.language
string
The default national language setting (NLS) used in mbstring. Note that this option automagically defines mbstring.internal_encoding and mbstring.internal_encoding should be placed after mbstring.language in php.ini
mbstring.encoding_translation
boolean
Enables the transparent character encoding filter for the incoming HTTP queries, which performs detection and conversion of the input encoding to the internal character encoding.
mbstring.internal_encoding
string
Defines the default internal character encoding. Since PHP 5.6.0, if this setting is empty, default_charset is used.
mbstring.http_input
string
Defines the default HTTP input character encoding.
mbstring.http_output
string
Defines the default HTTP output character encoding (output will be converted from the internal encoding to the HTTP output encoding upon output).
mbstring.detect_order
string
Defines default character code detection order. See also mb_detect_order().
mbstring.substitute_character
string
Defines character to substitute for invalid character encoding.
mbstring.func_overload
string
Overloads a set of single byte functions by the mbstring counterparts. See Function overloading for more information.
This setting can only be changed from the php.ini file.
mbstring.strict_detection
boolean
Enables the strict encoding detection.
According to the » HTML 4.01 specification, Web browsers are allowed to encode a form being submitted with a character encoding different from the one used for the page. See mb_http_input() to detect character encoding used by browsers.
Although popular browsers are capable of giving a reasonably accurate guess to the character encoding of a given HTML document, it would be better to set the charset parameter in the Content-Type HTTP header to the appropriate value by header() or default_charset ini setting.
Example #1 php.ini setting examples
; Set default language mbstring.language = Neutral; Set default language to Neutral(UTF-8) (default) mbstring.language = English; Set default language to English mbstring.language = Japanese; Set default language to Japanese ;; Set default internal encoding ;; Note: Make sure to use character encoding works with PHP mbstring.internal_encoding = UTF-8 ; Set internal encoding to UTF-8 ;; HTTP input encoding translation is enabled. mbstring.encoding_translation = On ;; Set default HTTP input character encoding ;; Note: Script cannot change http_input setting. mbstring.http_input = pass ; No conversion. mbstring.http_input = auto ; Set HTTP input to auto ; "auto" is expanded according to mbstring.language mbstring.http_input = SJIS ; Set HTTP input to SJIS mbstring.http_input = UTF-8,SJIS,EUC-JP ; Specify order ;; Set default HTTP output character encoding mbstring.http_output = pass ; No conversion mbstring.http_output = UTF-8 ; Set HTTP output encoding to UTF-8 ;; Set default character encoding detection order mbstring.detect_order = auto ; Set detect order to auto mbstring.detect_order = ASCII,JIS,UTF-8,SJIS,EUC-JP ; Specify order ;; Set default substitute character mbstring.substitute_character = 12307 ; Specify Unicode value mbstring.substitute_character = none ; Do not print character mbstring.substitute_character = long ; Long Example: U+3000,JIS+7E7E
Example #2 php.ini setting for EUC-JP users
;; Disable Output Buffering output_buffering = Off ;; Set HTTP header charset default_charset = EUC-JP ;; Set default language to Japanese mbstring.language = Japanese ;; HTTP input encoding translation is enabled. mbstring.encoding_translation = On ;; Set HTTP input encoding conversion to auto mbstring.http_input = auto ;; Convert HTTP output to EUC-JP mbstring.http_output = EUC-JP ;; Set internal encoding to EUC-JP mbstring.internal_encoding = EUC-JP ;; Do not print invalid characters mbstring.substitute_character = none
Example #3 php.ini setting for SJIS users
;; Enable Output Buffering output_buffering = On ;; Set mb_output_handler to enable output conversion output_handler = mb_output_handler ;; Set HTTP header charset default_charset = Shift_JIS ;; Set default language to Japanese mbstring.language = Japanese ;; Set http input encoding conversion to auto mbstring.http_input = auto ;; Convert to SJIS mbstring.http_output = SJIS ;; Set internal encoding to EUC-JP mbstring.internal_encoding = EUC-JP ;; Do not print invalid characters mbstring.substitute_character = none