(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)
strtr — Translate characters or replace substrings
$str
, string $from
, string $to
) : string$str
, array $replace_pairs
) : string
If given three arguments, this function returns a copy of
str where all occurrences of each (single-byte)
character in from have been translated to the
corresponding character in to, i.e., every
occurrence of $from[$n] has been replaced with
$to[$n], where $n is a valid
offset in both arguments.
If from and to have
different lengths, the extra characters in the longer of the two
are ignored. The length of str will be the same as
the return value's.
If given two arguments, the second should be an array in the form array('from' => 'to', ...). The return value is a string where all the occurrences of the array keys have been replaced by the corresponding values. The longest keys will be tried first. Once a substring has been replaced, its new value will not be searched again.
In this case, the keys and the values may have any length, provided that
there is no empty key; additionally, the length of the return value may
differ from that of str.
However, this function will be the most efficient when all the keys have the
same size.
Returns the translated string.
If replace_pairs contains a key which
is an empty string (""),
FALSE will be returned. If the str is not a scalar
then it is not typecasted into a string, instead a warning is raised and
NULL is returned.
Example #1 strtr() example
<?php
//In this form, strtr() does byte-by-byte translation
//Therefore, we are assuming a single-byte encoding here:
$addr = strtr($addr, "äåö", "aao");
?>
The next example shows the behavior of strtr() when called with only two arguments. Note the preference of the replacements ("h" is not picked because there are longer matches) and how replaced text was not searched again.
Example #2 strtr() example with two arguments
<?php
$trans = array("h" => "-", "hello" => "hi", "hi" => "hello");
echo strtr("hi all, I said hello", $trans);
?>
The above example will output:
hello all, I said hi
The two modes of behavior are substantially different. With three arguments, strtr() will replace bytes; with two, it may replace longer substrings.
Example #3 strtr() behavior comparison
<?php
echo strtr("baab", "ab", "01"),"\n";
$trans = array("ab" => "01");
echo strtr("baab", $trans);
?>
The above example will output:
1001 ba01